NCDC Reports Over 1,300 Deaths from Diphtheria Amid Vaccination Challenges

The NCDC reports 1,319 deaths in Nigeria’s diphtheria outbreak, with over 42,000 suspected cases since 2022. Kano State represents 75% of confirmed cases. Vaccination coverage remains low, with only 19.3% fully vaccinated. The government is initiating campaigns to improve immunization, laboratory diagnostics, and disease surveillance. Experts call for urgent action to combat the outbreak effectively.

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has reported that the ongoing diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria has resulted in 1,319 fatalities. This information was disclosed in the latest situation report from the National Diphtheria Emergency Operations Centre, indicating significant gaps in vaccination coverage. The bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae causes diphtheria, primarily affecting the throat and nose, which can lead to serious complications such as breathing difficulties and heart failure.

Since the outbreak began in 2022, over 42,000 suspected cases have been recorded across 37 states. The NCDC highlights that Kano State is notably affected, accounting for 75% of confirmed cases. Other states with high numbers include Bauchi, Yobe, and Katsina, indicating a serious public health concern. The overall case fatality rate stands at 5.1%, with certain states experiencing even higher rates,

As of the latest reporting period, an additional 23 suspected cases were reported, primarily in Lagos and Katsina, though none have been confirmed. The NCDC emphasized the need for improved laboratory capacity and timely case confirmation, as over half of the cases remain unclassified. The Federal Government has initiated reactive vaccination campaigns and community engagement to address this crisis.

Despite the presence of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation, a concerning 19.3% of confirmed cases were fully vaccinated. Dr. Solomon Chollom, a medical virologist, pointed out a critical gap in routine immunization, especially among children aged one to 14, who constitute nearly 63% of confirmed cases. Furthermore, he noted that the reliance on clinical symptoms rather than laboratory confirmation in 2024 raises concerns about disease underreporting.

The government has committed to enhancing laboratory capabilities and optimizing testing protocols. Experts assert that an urgent nationwide vaccination campaign, improved disease surveillance, and a reliable supply of diagnostic materials are essential to addressing this outbreak effectively. Without enhanced vaccination and surveillance measures, health officials warn that the diphtheria situation could escalate further.

To combat the outbreak, the government is implementing strategies such as increasing case management support, harmonizing data across states, and expanding vaccination among children. Public health experts continue to advocate for preventive vaccination as the most effective means of defense against this disease, urging parents to ensure routine immunizations for their children.

The NCDC’s report highlights the severity of the diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria, marked by over 1,300 deaths and significant vaccination gaps. Urgent action is required to enhance vaccination coverage, improve laboratory diagnostics, and strengthen disease surveillance. The government’s commitment to launching targeted campaigns and addressing healthcare deficiencies is crucial to curbing the outbreak and protecting vulnerable populations. Public health officials stress the importance of preventive vaccination as the best defense against diphtheria.

Original Source: dailynigerian.com